did the sumerians come from hungary?

The earliest truly urban civilization, predating the ancient Egyptians, emerged about 3200 BC in the Fertile Crescent between and around the rivers Tigris and Euphrates in ancient Mesopotamia (modern day southeastern Iraq). This civilization spawned a host of urban centers towards the Indus River valley -- from southeastern Iran to India and Pakistan -- trading commodities, technologies, architectures, and ideas.

Mesopotamia is a Greek word, literally meaning 'between the rivers', and the land was originally called Sumer by the Sumerian speaking people who settled there, possibly as early as 5000 BC or much earlier. Over time, the Sumer culture was followed by the Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian cultures, and cities such as Uruk, Ur, Babylon, Nimrud, and Nineveh became immortalized.

The Sumer civilization produced the earliest writing (in cuneiform script on clay tablets), and some of the first sciences, mathematics, laws and philosophies of the world. The Sumerians developed extensive trade networks and structured social hierarchies -- sedentary and agricultural communities -- that gave birth to the first kingdoms and empires. They used a highly sophisticated system of irrigation and agriculture, taking full advantage of the waters of the two rivers, and established magnificent cities.

So, who were the Sumerians and where did they come from?

The first tablets of the ancient Sumerian language were re-discovered in the nineteenth century and deciphering them was very difficult because the language was unrelated to ancient Arabic, Assyrian, Canaanite, Egyptian, Indian, Jewish, Persian and Phoenician, and did not appear to be related to any language from contemporaneous African, Asian or European dialects.

However, there were significant similarities between the ancient Sumerian language and those of the Mongolian, Turkic, and Hungarian languages (Hungarian being a non Indo-European language) to make headway in the deciphering process.

Of the 53 characteristics of Sumerian grammar, there are 51 matching characteristics in the Hungarian language compared to only 29 in the Turkic languages, 24 in the Caucasian languages, 21 in the Uralic languages, 5 in the Semitic languages and 4 in the Indo-European languages.

That the grammatical structure of the Hungarian language was found to be the closest to that of the Sumerian language, gives rise to the belief that the first civilization in Sumer may have been developed by immigrants from Eastern Europe escaping from the Ice Age.

Tens of thousands of clay tablets and cylinder-seals exist containing Sumerian texts describing everything from taxation and administrative records to essays, literature and ethics on kingship, priesthood, the art of love making, kindness, song, the crafts of scribes, builders, leather makers, woodworkers, copper workers and beer makers. The Sumerians appear to have arrived in Mesopotamia with the attributes of civilization already formulated!

Fundamental to everything in the Sumerian civilization were the gods and goddesses whom the Sumerians called the Anunnaki -- those who came from heaven to earth -- and the Sumerian Family Tree differentiates between those Gods and Goddesses who were born on earth (the new generation) and those born in heaven according to their clashing personalities.

The Sumerian texts also describe the Epic of Creation -- on which Genesis is based --and when Abraham fled from Ur in Iraq to found the new religion of Judaism, he took all of the Sumerian ideas with him.

early migration timeframe

The migration of our ancestors by various routes out of Equatorial Africa towards Europe and other parts of the world took millions of years to accomplish.

Unlike later migrants imbued with religious fears about falling off the earth or being ambushed by dragons or heathens, the first migrants had neither concept of geographic limits nor enemies other than animals who would eat them.

Like later migrants, though, some would have lacked the stamina or the physique necessary to travel too far. Children, pregnant women and the elderly hold up all traveling tribes, and it is likely that as soon as a migrant group had found a relatively hospitable land - be it only a few day's trek from their original homeland - they would have stayed in that land until population pressures forced another migration.

Although a monumental trek overall, it was by incremental migration and settlement that our early ancestors managed to spread throughout the river and coastal regions of Africa and beyond, and when an impenetrable barrier was met reverse migration took place, inevitably involving warfare.

To give a rough idea of the time frame, the earliest Hominoid (man-like) fossil was found in Namibia on the west coast of Africa, 20 degrees south of the Equator. Bearing in mind that our primate ancestors probably developed as long ago as 225,000,000 BC in the Jurassic period of the Mesozoic Era along with the other mammals, the dating of this earliest known fossil called Otavi Pithecus Namibiensis - 12,500,000 BC - tells us not only something about the passage of time needed for development but also something about the earliest route the migrants took - south rather than north.

Dated 3,000,000 BC, "Lucy" an early Hominid (more like a modern human being than a Hominoid) was found in Ethiopia, along with flint knapping tools and axes dated 2,500,000 BC indicating the earliest industry.

In Tanzania, also on the East African coast, fossils of Homo Habilis were found and dated 2,400,000 BC, along with the earliest single structural home, a windbreak, dated 1,750,000 BC, indicating the earliest habitation.

Homo Erectus (upright man) was discovered in Kenya, between Tanzania and Ethiopia, and dated 1,600,000 BC.

In the southern area of Africa, the earliest fossil remains of man are Australopithecus Africanus, and Transvaal Man - Pleisianthropus transvaalensis - both dated 1,000,000 BC.

In the northern area of Africa, the earliest fossil remains of man were found in Algeria. Dated 500,000 BC, the Ternifine-Tangier Man, Atlanthropus, indicated a 500,000 year difference in the fossil record between him and the Transvaal Man of the south dated 1,000,000 BC.

By 500,000 BC, then - if not thousands of years before - our ancestors had reached the western Mediterranean and were in reach of Spain.